He aha nā mea o ke kila kila He aha nā waiwai o kēlā me kēia
ʻO ka mea kumu kumu mai 11% -30% chromium, akā naʻe i ka nui o nā steels stainless nickel a i ʻole manganese nā mea nui i ka lua.
Aia ʻelua mau ʻano maʻamau o nā kila kila.
1) nā kila kuhiliʻole "austenitic", a
2) nā kila kila "ferritic".
I ka austenitic SS nā Chromium a me Nickel nā mea nui. (Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Chromium a me manganese i kahi manawa ma kahi o ka nickel.) He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he nui nā carbon austenitic SS ma loko o nā carbon, no laila ma kekahi mau wehewehe ʻana ʻaʻole lākou he "kila" akā nā hao / chromium / nickel alloys. Hoʻololi maoli nā hoʻohui o ka nickel (a me ka manganese) i ke ʻano aniani o ka hao, no laila ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa nā waiwai o kēia mau ʻano mai nā kila kalepona maʻamau. He maikaʻi loa ʻo Austenitic SS i ke kūpaʻa popopo maikaʻi loa, a me ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi maikaʻi.
I nā kila kila ferritic, ʻo ka chromium a me ke kalapona nā mea nui. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā kila kila Ferritic ma mua o nā ʻano austentitic. Eia nō naʻe ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka chromium ma mua o nā ʻano austenitic hiki wale nō ke kūpale kūpale a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wela. Me ka hoʻohui ʻole ʻia o ka nickel a me / a me ka manganeese e hoʻohui nei ma mua o 20% chromium e hoʻomāhuahua i ka kila.
Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hapa nui o ke kila kila ma lalo o kahi lewa argon lewa i ka umu ahi. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka lewa ākea e ʻoi aku ka oxidize i ka chromium, e hana ana i ka slag e lana ai i ka papa o ke kila, a pēlā e hoʻēmi ai i ka ʻike chromium. Hoʻopili pū ʻo Chromium me ka nitrogen i ka lewa i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nitrogen ke kumu o ka brittleness i nā kila kila.
ʻOiai ka mālama pono ʻana o ka mea hana i ka hana o ka hao a me ke kiʻekiʻe o nā impurities i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hiki ke hana hou ʻole ʻia ka kuhili ʻole.